Gender Inequality Sex Discrimination in Employment Essay

Gender equality is about equal opportunity for men and women to identify their individual potential. One must be able to benefit from their participation in society and contribute to the economic and social development of their country (Australian Government. 2009). Through multiple reviewed literature on gender inequality, the overall concept within many sociological readings was the way gender inequality socially relates to employment and careers. There are three separate themes that intersect within the written literature that will be discussed. First, gender differences in historical social roles have created stereotypes on the contemporary outlooks of the social attitude. Secondly, through beliefs and values, career pathways†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Children are able to identify feminine and masculine categories, similar to the perception of adults, from socialization through family, school and media† (Gadassi and Gati, 2009). Some of the prominent social roles of males and females in historical years are contributing to the contemporary roles that are acceptable in society. Women have continued to have hours of unpaid work while taking care of their children and domestic work, while males are still considered as the providers for their family and solely contributing to their household. In a study done in 2005, statistical analysis revealed that 90% of women do 4.3 hours, on average, of unpaid work a day and 69% of men do 2.5 hours, on average, of unpaid work a day (Dr. Fetner, 2010). â€Å"Traditional gender roles, have set out desirable qualities and behaviours for men and women† and as research has shown, â€Å"social roles determine the accepted behavioral norms for genders and encourage gender differences in interests and activities† (Gadassi and Gati, 2009). The male and female socioeconomic ideologies of masculinity and femininity influence our perceptions of social roles. â€Å"The link between internalization of gender roles and how one fits into the social structure are forces that contribute to change and stability in social roles† (Ridgeway, 2009). Picking aspects of ones social goals should also affect self selection into these roles (Ridgeway, 2009). Values andShow MoreRelatedGender Differences And Gender Inequality1717 Words   |  7 Pages Gender differences and gender inequality are sometimes used interchangeably but do not refer to the same thing. The two concepts are common in gender literature; however, they are not uniform across different cultures based on the degree of conservative attitudes present. The significant differences between sexes and used as arguments against equal rights primarily against women’s rights. 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In the USA, this is predominantly due to that fact that women are demanding their rights at workplaces. Mostly, they try harder to be appropriate and successful in their careers rather than men. ‘Differential treatment within the labor market is what we refer to as labor market discrimination’ (Ehrenberg and S mith, 2012, p398). Gender discrimination against women in the market place reduces the available talent inRead MoreRacial Inequality And Gender Inequality889 Words   |  4 PagesIn today s world discrimination is a racial inequality when it come to different races in the United states. Discrimination has been around for years and have created a social inequality , economic crises and have lowered individuals into a group known as the â€Å" racial minorities â€Å".Racial minorities can be classified as older people , women , immigrants and young men and women. Women from the early 1600’s to today s women have been discriminated against for years. 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Within this movement, the role of the women fell short to discrimination and gender inequalities. The argument stands forth and is true that there are gender inequalities prevailing in all aspects of society. Thus, the concept of gender is notRead MoreWomen s Faced Ridiculous Discrimination909 Words   |  4 PagesMattison Sociology 101 003 November 17, 2014 Throughout history, women have faced ridiculous discrimination. They have tolerated having their rights abolished, having very little independence from their husbands, and being thought to have inferior brains. They had no right to vote; they couldn t be part of a jury and had no rights to property and they were even being claimed as men s property. Gender inequality has always been around and men have always been considered stronger, faster, and hard-working

Critical Discourse Analysis Free Essays

CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF AN EDITORIAL NOTE In this text, I am going to analyze an editorial column which is called â€Å"Improcedente paralizacion en el SML†, written by Diario La Tercera. I am going to analyze it taking into account three dimensions of analysis. First, I am going to analyze textual practice, follow by the discourse practice, and finally the social and ideological practice. We will write a custom essay sample on Critical Discourse Analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now Textual practice: According to this dimension, I could say that it is not a co-operatively constructed because it is not representing any conversation but it is constructed by three paragraphs which are connecting the text. Besides, I could mention that the author follows a rule of politeness because it is written in an academic and formal way. Although, the image of the author is not represented in any features in the text, the author’s attitude itself is expressed in the text because the author expresses her/him opinion about the mobilization of Servicio Medico Legal, this is respresented by this phrase: â€Å"Lo ocurrido en este caso es inaceptable†. The meaning is being affected by syntactic structures and lexical choice. They help readers to understand the meaning and the purpose of the editorial note. The syntactic structures are â€Å"se genero un desacato a la autoridad y el incumplimiento de una orden emanada de un tribunal† resulta muy grave que escudandose en demandas laborales, los funcionarios del servicio descuiden la delicada labor que cumplen. Those phrases provide the reasons of the author to mention: â€Å"Lo ocurrido en este caso es inaceptable†. Also, the lexical choice is represented for these words: provoco, paralizacion, movilizaciones, genero, causo, tardanza, afecta, peritajes, among others. Moreover, it is important to include that there are some paradigms the first one is about strike: paralizacion, movilizaciones, paro de actividades. The second one is about social authorities: Servicio Medico Legal de Santiago, organismo publico, Carabineros, tribunal, director de la entidad, ministro de Justicia. And the third one is about people: familiares, funcionario, trabajadores, perito, miembros del servicio. Following with this analysis, I could mention that some expressions used by the author to characterize the text are â€Å"Improcedente paralizacion en el SML† this sentence is the title of the editorial column, so at the beginning the author is characterized the text as an editorial which is a text of opinion because with the word IMPROCEDENTE, he/she is exposing his/her stance about the problem. Discourse Practice According to this dimension of analysis, I consider that this text is conventional first because it is referring to a current event and likewise it is not the first time that a Chilean public entity performs a stoppage of its activities. This editorial note remind me others mobilizations that have occurred in Chile for example when the public institutions, like hospitals, kindergartens, among others, went on strikes during this year. Moreover, this text represents an editorial note because the author is expressing his/her opinion about a current social event. This text is more accessible to different kinds of readers because it is represented an current news so it is not necessary for the readers to read between lines because the text is clear and direct, and it is representing the stance of the author. Also, I could mention that the text is presupposing that the readers know this event and therefore they are going to understand the stance of the author. It could be reflected by this expression: â€Å"Se trata de hechos que no deben repetirse, tal como se comprometio el director de la entidad†. Finishing this dimension. I can say that the producer is the Diario La Tercera and the intended receivers are the people who read this newspaper that could be characterized as people from middle class. Social practice According to this dimension, I can say that the social identities that the author represents are Diario la Tercera, and also the families affected by this issue. The relationship between the social identities that the author represents is that both parts the newspaper and the families believe that it is a painful issue and it cannot happen again, it could be representative with this expression: â€Å"El paro de actividades causo la tardanza en la entrega de varios cuerpos a sus familiares, prolongando innecesariamente ese doloroso momento† . n addition, I can say that the newspaper is exerting power through the language on the readers, because the newspaper is in charge of selecting the editorial note published and with this kind of editorial column the newspaper is trying to persuade the reader. On the other side, the social goal of the text is to demonstrate that this social problem and create conscious about the topic for this reason the text is mportant to accomplish the goal because without it the reader would not understand the meaning of the text. The social situation that the editorial note is produced is a today? s event. It h appened a week ago and every day this fact is being showed as regrettable news. Besides, it is a very conventional as I mentioned before because it is a controversial topic which remind us it is not the first time that a public institution goes on strike neglecting their duties and triggering problems to society. It is a fact to say that the author appeals that this event is a serious incident and it has not happened again for that reason he/she claims expression like these: â€Å"Lo ocurrido en este caso es inaceptable†¦se genero un desacato a la autoridad y el incumplimiento de una orden emanada de un tribunal†¦Asimismo, resulta muy grave que escudandose en demandas laborales, los funcionarios del servicio descuiden la delicada labor que cumplen†¦ Se trata de hechos que no deben repetirse†. Finally, the social consequences of the text are to persuade readers that this incident cannot happen again in a country that claims to be developed. Another social consequence can elicit a response from readers to the public health institutions in order to avoid that these facts do not continue to happen. How to cite Critical Discourse Analysis, Papers

Women and Buddhism an Example by

Women and Buddhism Buddhism is a religion which does not extol a particular personality and a specific sex. This is a fact even though Buddha was a man. Several elements of Buddhism are related to feminism; among these are egolessness, centrality of compassion, Tathagatarbha and worship of the feminine principle in the Vajrayan form of Buddhism. According to Buddhists ego is the major cause of poor mental health (Gross, 1993). Egolessness is a sort of diagnosis of the condition of human beings. This means that all human beings find themselves in similar situations where anxiety, and a situation of impermanence is constantly present. Hence, change is a constant feature in the existence of all human beings. As such the ego, self-identity is also in a situation of constant change meaning that basically human beings ought to be egoless. This is in contrast with the common perception that one needs to have a strong ego to be happy and successful in life. An egoless person is open, calm cheerful and humorous and not in a state of indifference or psychological victimization as the proponents of the importance of a strong ego would have one believe (Gross, 1993). For a long time most feminists have seen egolessness as something that needs to be preached to men. It is however necessary for both men and women so that both genders can strive to achieve egolessness which is not defined by what others have to say. Need essay sample on "Women and Buddhism" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Compassion is defined as a desire for other people not to endure suffering. Buddhist teachings propose that for one to have compassion, the realization that they are suffering is necessary. This coupled with the knowledge that suffering can come to an end and that all beings, do not want to undergo suffering (Buddhism Kalachakranet.org, 2007). Compassion has often been associated with femininity and since it women are more likely to express it more easily, empowering them with the means to perform acts of compassion in accordance with Buddhism teachings is important. Tathagatribha theory asserts that all sentient beings have the potential of Budhahood. The implication of this theory is that all beings, both female and male have equal potential for achieving enlightenment. The theory can therefore, be said to be blind to gender or at least neutral. This then means that an enlightened gene is a characteristic of both men and women and the gene is not stronger of more dominant in males than in females (Gross, 1993). This therefore points to the fact that the sexism that is common in Buddhism has little to do with the religion itself. Rather the cultural situation in which the women find themselves has limited their full participation in Buddhism. The Vajrayana form of Buddhism has a doctrine which is so far the most favorable to women compared to other forms of Buddhism. It has many feminine symbols and images, and women practitioners (laypeople and monastics) who have earned the respect of male and female. Though it is argued that the teachings of the Buddha do not cite sex the Vajrayan form of Buddhism is similar to many religious whose femininity is glorified symbolically and in a mystical way but exhibits a contradiction where the society of the day limits women's practice and how they are regarded in Buddhist religion (Gross, 1993). Tibetan branch of Vajrayan Buddhism recognizes a deity named Tara who is seen as an agent of liberation. She is a female bodhisattva and a representative of the success and virtue that can be attained from an individual's work. Tara is used for the development of certain qualities and in teachings concerning emptiness and compassion (Chodron, 2005). Several changes need to occur for women to experience access equal to that of men in Buddhist institutions. In most of the Buddhist institutions women have experienced exclusion with meditation halls and monasteries being unequally open to women and men. Buddhist nuns are generally considered inferior to monks and experience less support for education and finances than men. Gross suggests that since Buddhism insists that all gender are equal, then the subordination of the orders of the nuns to those of the monks should be ended. This subordination has had a significant role to play in causing the nun's orders to decline. Lay women have great importance in the monks monasteries due to the strong financial support they offer. Teachings that women can obtain enlightenment using the same paths as men are important changes as well as ensuring that monks make you not to discourage women who desire enlightenment and progress in spiritual matters (Gross, 1993 ). The changes that are necessary include ordination of nuns both legally and socially. Among the lay people women are seen as the lowest category and it is viewed as an unfortunate thing to be born a woman. By desiring rebirth as a woman this can be a first step towards achieving some equal access. Further, clarification of texts that seem to disparage women is necessary. This is so that there isn't contradiction in the texts with some teachings glorifying femininity and others putting down women. Allowing girls to be ordained just as boys are ordained before marriage is a change that would empower girls with knowledge and education to care for their families rather than resort to work as housemaids and prostitution (Khuankaew, 1999). Exposure of the marks and nuns to the secular world through involvement of lay people (male and female) monks and nuns is also important to ensure that the monks and nuns are sensitized about issues and social problems the lay society. Other than gaining equal access, another important issue in relation to feminism is the transformative power of feminism. The sexism present in Buddhism defers depending on the cultural context of a place. Feminism does not oppose Buddhism and the fact that Buddhism insists on enlightenment of both genders, allows for the conclusion that Buddhism does not propose or encourage inferiority against women. Ordination of women is likely to lead to an increase in donations to the Sangha. This is partially because of the awareness that women are not donating to a patriarchy, thus leading to greater willingness to donate. In addition, the empowerment of lay women means that their capability for contributions in support of bhiksuni orders are likely to increase. Furthermore monastic women on the way to enlightenment will most likely earn the respect and support of other members of the lay community bringing about further increase in the amount of support available to the Sangha. Ordinary domestic everyday life will also benefit from a feminist change. Nuns in some communities that practice Buddhism are currently very active in provision of social services for education centers, cemeteries, orphanage and retirement homes. This has led to increased quality of life for both men and women and every other community member (Fitz-Gerald, 2000). Proper and adequate spiritual discipline is also another real consequence of feminist change in Buddhism. The Sangha in most Buddhism contexts has had a great association with education. Education of nuns will definitely aid in the education and empowerment of education levels in the community. The new teachers will be in a better position to teach women and the education can also be advanced to men, availing opportunities for education to every member of the Buddhist community ( Fitz-Gerald, 2000). With an increase in education opportunities and better domestic everyday life the likelihood of greater adherence and attractio n to Buddhist teachings will translate to proper and adequate spiritual discipline. The potential for increase of the Dharma's strength is also high following increased involvement of women who form the great percentage of most population meaning Buddhism will be reachable to a greater part of the population of the world. References COMPASSION AND BODHICITTA Gross RM 1993, Buddhism after Patriarchy: A Feminist History, Analysis and Reconstruction ISBN:0791414035 Kerry L. Fitz-Gerald, 2000, Buddhism needs Feminism, http://www.geocities.com/strongmedicine51/Budhfemn.html Thubten C,2005, How to Free Your Mind: Tara the liberator, Snow Lion Publications

Young Childrens Symbolic Behaviour Essays

Young Childrens Symbolic Behaviour Essays Young Childrens Symbolic Behaviour Essay Young Childrens Symbolic Behaviour Essay This assignment is about Young Childrens Symbolic Behaviour: theories of representation. It consists of an observational study carried out on one particular childs development in various areas of provision which supports mode of representation. I am however aware of the other forms of representational modes in the setting.  The summarised observations will be based on the weekly tasks which are clearly labelled in the appendix session. Before I move on to the main part of the essay, I will give a brief biography and reasons for choosing this particular child. I will move on to discuss different theorist research about representation and the implications of early childhood practices.  I will then make references in connection to the findings of the observations through the various forms of the childs representations. Photographs and samples of the childs form of representation will be included. I will demonstrate the role of the adult in this area throughout. This assignment will be concluded by demonstrating why it is important for all children regardless of who they are, to have the opportunities in representing themselves through various forms and media.  Symbolic Representation is whereby children represent their world and play in different and various ways such as language, feelings thoughts and understanding. According to Gardner (1983p304), during childhood children acquire certain basic understanding of symbolic activities and systems and which during school age, having achieved some basic competence in symbolization the child goes on to acquire higher level of skills in certain culturally valued domains. These symbolic behaviours and representation emerges as schemas during early childhood. Schema has been described as patterns of early repeatable behaviours Athey (1990p128). In observation 3(p15-16). Target child was demonstrating a high level of symbolic representation with actions. She performed these actions by putting food on a plate, pretend sprinkling salt on the food and offering it to the people (her peers) for lunch. This demonstrates Piagets notion that thought consists of internalized and co-ordinated actions schemas (Piaget 1959p357-386) in Athey (1990p128). Target child displayed transporting schema as well as pilling and moving food from one place to another as The Froebel Education Project termed as action representation of the dynamic aspects of object and events.. Nutbrown (1994) in Smidt, (1998p111) said the early years educator can, through observations identify the schematic interest and nourish it with worthwhile curriculum content The research of theorist such as Piaget, Bruner and Vygotsky has helped practitioners to explore presentation Bruce (1987p66). They also contributed towards the understanding and development of presentation and symbolic behaviours. Observation 2(p12-14) shows how target child represents her play symbolically by using her imagination of sitting on a donkey and riding it. This Piaget in Ginsbury Opper (1988p70) termed as appearance of the semionitic function which means children uses objects in representing something else which is not present. This observation also identifies Bruners enactive, iconic and symbolic mode of representation. Target child did replace the action with an image and used appropriate language in describing her play. Bruce (1987p66) Vygotsky on the other hand talked about the theory of actual development which links in to where target child initiated her own imaginary play without the help of an adult or peer Bruce (1987). Children represent themselves in various ways. Target childs preferred representation is mark making, which Matthews (2003p74) termed it as Visual representation and expression. Samples of these mark making can be found on (p24). Her representation in this observation (observation 4p19) reflects Matthews (2003pg27) idea about how first and second generation mark-making gestures are organised together and undergo transformation.

Profile of Charles Starkweather, 1950s Spree Killer

Profile of Charles Starkweather, 1950s Spree Killer Charles Starkweather had all the makings of growing up to be a respectable man, but greed, resentments, and jealousy ate at his soul and turned him into a cold-blooded killer that murdered at will during an eight-day killing spree. With his 14-year-old girlfriend at his side, the two killed anyone that got in their way, regardless of their relationship to their victims. Childhood Years Starkweather was born on November 29, 1938, in Lincoln, Nebraska to Guy and Helen Starkweather. Unlike many serial killers, Starkweather grew up in a modest and respectable home with hardworking parents who provided for their seven children. Those who knew Charles as a child described him as well behaved and mild-mannered, as were all the Starkweather children. It was not until Charles started school that a deadly monster inside of him began to grow. Elementary School Years Born with genu varum, also known as bow-legged, Starkweather had to endure some early challenges. He also developed a speech impediment and was teased by his classmates. Suffering from undiagnosed severe myopia, which prevented him from being able to see objects twenty feet away, Starkweather was labeled as a poor student and perceived as being slow by his teachers, despite his 110 IQ. It wasnt until he was 15 that his inability to see was diagnosed, but it was too late for Charles, who was already severely lacking in primary education. Middle School Years Starkweather was one of the kids that sat in the back of the class, distracted and seemingly annoyed by having to be there. But when it came to gym time, his self-esteem shined. Physically he had developed into a robust and coordinated athlete. That could have been a positive factor in his life. Instead, Starkweather became one of the school bullies who his fellow students feared. As he grew older anyone who appeared better than him, regardless of if he knew them, was a possible victim of his quick kicks and hard fists. High School Drop Out At the age of 16, Starkweather dropped out of ninth grade and worked at a warehouse. He developed a passion for fast cars and renegade attitudes. Around this time James Dean hit the big screen in the movie classics, East of Eden and Rebel Without a Cause. Starkweather identified with James Deans role as Jim Start, the troubled and rebellious teenager. He started dressing like Dean with tight jeans, slicked-back hair and cowboy boots. Starkweather embraced the hood persona and all the attitudes that went with it. He had developed into a moody, ego-driven defensive trouble maker who had little control over his quick temper and brewing rage. Caril Fugate Caril Fugate was the 13-year-old younger sister of Starkweathers best friends girlfriend. The four began double dating, and the young impressionable Caril became infatuated with her James Dean look-alike boyfriend. Starkweather was equally infatuated with Caril. She was pretty, as rebellious as he was and she adored him. What little money Starkweather made was spent on keeping Caril happy. It did not take long for the word to get around that Caril was his, and anyone else who might be interested would be risking their lives to pursue her. He left his job at the warehouse after several run-ins with his boss and began working as a trash collector. He liked the job better. It allowed him more time to see Caril after she got out of school, something Carils parents did not like. When rumors circulated that Starkweather and Caril were going to get married and that she was pregnant the Fugates decided to stop the relationship. This did little to deter the two. They continued to see each other. The Unobtainable Starkweathers life was falling apart. His father had kicked him out of the house after the two argued over an accident that Caril had in a car that he and his father owned together. Carils parents totally rejected Starkweather and forbade their daughter from seeing him. He lost his job as a sanitation worker and got locked out of his room for not paying his rent. It is at this point that the depressed and frustrated Starkweather decided that he had no future, but what little future he did have was going to be spent with Caril Fugate and all the material things that up to now had been unobtainable. First Murder On December 1, 1957, Robert Colvert, 21, was working at his job at the Crest gas station, when Starkweather robbed, kidnapped, then shot him in the back of the head on a dirt road outside of Lincoln, Nebraska. The day before Colvert had refused credit to Starkweather who was short on cash and wanted to buy Fugate a stuffed animal. This hurt Starkweathers pride, and he wanted to get even. He could also use the $108 that he robbed from the station. As far as killing Colvert, in Starkweathers mind, the kid deserved it. He shouldnt have humiliated him the day before by refusing him credit. The following day Starkweather told Fugate about the murder. She did not end the relationship after hearing the news. For Starkweather, this was a sign that their relationship was forever sealed. What was going through the mind of Starkweather in the weeks before January 21, 1958, is not known, but the pressure of having to one day face the consequences for murdering Colvert were surely mounting. But now with the monster inside of him unleashed, there would be no going back to his normal, dismal life. The Bartlett Family According to Starkweather, on January 21 he decided to try to mend his relationship with Fugates parents. He went over to their house to invite her stepfather Marion Bartlett to go hunting. He also brought Fugates mother Velda Bartlett two pieces of carpet. The Bartletts, who believed that their young daughter was pregnant by Starkweather, were not swayed by his good intentions and an argument broke out. Starkweather became unhinged and shot Velda in the face and Marion in the back of the head. The Bartletts daughter (Fugates sister), two-and-a-half-year-old Betty Jean, was also not spared. Starkweather shut off her frightened cries by slashing her repeatedly in the throat with a knife. Then to make certain no one survived the massacre, he stabbed all of his victims again. He then put Veldas body inside the commode of the family outhouse. He put Betty Jeans body inside a box of garbage and also placed her in the outhouse. Marions body was left on the floor of the chicken coup. Life Goes On Starkweather and Fugate lived in her dead parents house like a couple honeymooning for the next six days. To those who stopped by they were greeted with a handwritten note stuck on the front door that said, Stay away Every Body is sick with the Flue. Friends and family of the Bartletts werent buying the flu note, and after a lot of persistence the police did a physical search of the home and found the bodies, but not before Starkweather and Fugate had fled. August Meyer Now on the run, Starkweather, and Fugate weaved through back roads and made it to Bennet, Nebraska, where August Meyer, 70, and a long time friend of the Starkweather family lived. As they made their way up the rough dirt road that led to Meyers farm their car got stuck in the  snow. The couple abandoned it and continued on foot to the old mans house. What transpired afterward is unclear, except that Starkweather and Meyer got into a confrontation and Meyer ended up dead from a shotgun blast that removed a large portion of his head. Well fed from food from Meyers kitchen and loaded up with the dead mans guns and whatever cash they could find, Starkweather and Fugate headed by foot to the nearest main road. If they were to survive, they needed to get their hands on a car. Robert Jensen, Jr. and Carol King The couple hitched a ride with Robert Jensen, Jr., 17, and 16-year-old Carol King. Without wasting any time, Starkweather forced Jensen to go to a torn down school that was nearby. The terrified couple was led to a storm cellar. There Starkweather shot Jensen six times in the head and King once in the head. When the police discovered the young couple, it was noted that Kings pants had been pulled down and her genitals had been slashed, but there were no signs that she had been sexually assaulted. Starkweather later said that Fugate was responsible for the slashing. She thought Starkweather was sexually attracted to King and acted out of jealousy. A Strange Turn of Events As more of Starkweathers victims were discovered the manhunt for the fugitives intensified. At first, Starkweather talked about going out of state to Washington, but for some strange reason the couple turned Jensens car around and headed back to Lincoln. They passed by Fugates family home, but when they spotted the police cars that surrounded the house, they headed to the more affluent side of town where the rich lived. The Wards and Lilian Fencil Starkweather was familiar with the big homes that lined the streets from his days as a trash collector. One of the wealthiest homes belonged to C. Lauer Ward, 47, and his wife Clara Ward, also 47. Ward was the president of the Capital Bridge Company and the Capital Steel Company and one of the wealthiest men in town. On January 30, 1958, now eight days on the run, Starkweather, and Fugate forced their way into the Ward home. Inside were Clara and their live-in maid Lilian Fencl. Starkweather told the women that they had nothing to fear, then ordered Clara to fix breakfast. He liked being waited on by the woman whose trash he had collected so often. He then tied each of the women up in separate rooms and stabbed them to death. Annoyed by Claras barking poodle, he crushed the dogs neck with his rifle, leaving it alive to suffer. When C. Lauer Ward returned home from work, he met with the same fate as his wife and Fencil. Starkweather shot him dead. The F.B.I. Starkweather and Fugate loaded up C. Lauer Wards 1956 black Packard with supplies and decided to get out of town. When the Wards bodies were discovered the Governor put the F.B.I. and the National Guard on the case to stop the fugitives. Merle Collison Starkweather decided that they needed to get rid of Packard after hearing descriptions of them and the car on the radio. Merle Collison was a traveling shoe salesman who decided to pull off on a side road for a nap just outside of Douglas, Wyoming. Starkweather spotted the napping man, pulled over and woke him up. He demanded that Collinson switch cars with him, but the salesman refused. Not having time to argue, Starkweather shot him in the head nine times. Collison had a Buick with a push-pedal emergency brake, and Starkweather did not know how to release it. When he stalled out a passer-by offered to help, he was met with a rifle pointed at his face and the two began to wrestle. At the same time deputy Sheriff William Romer drove up on the pair, and Fugate sprang from the front seat of the Buick, screaming and pointing at Starkweather, saying, Hes killed a man! Starkweather jumped into the Packard and took off with Romer following close behind. Romer called for back up as he tried to keep up with Starkweather who was driving up to 120 miles an hour. More officers joined the chase, and one of them managed to shoot out the back windshield of the Packard. When a piece of the spraying glass cut Starkweather, he thought he had been shot and quickly pulled over and surrendered. In Custody The killing spree of Starkweather and Fugate was over, but the task of putting together the pieces of who did what had just begun for authorities. At first, Starkweather said Fugate was not responsible for any of the killings. Fugate insisted she was a victim and not a participant in any crimes. She told investigators that she had been held hostage and that Starkweather said he would kill her family if she did not go along with his demands. Fugates hostage story quickly dissolved after she admitted to being present when her family was butchered. Both were charged with first-degree murder, and they were extradited to Nebraska to stand trial. The Trial of Charles Starkweather The list of charges against Starkweather was lengthy, and the only defense his lawyers could bring to the table that could save him from the electric chair was an insanity defense. But to Starkweather, going down in history as insane was unacceptable. He used every possible opportunity to thwart his lawyers efforts by announcing that he was indeed sane during his killing spree. Instead, he said he killed his victims out of self-defense, a position no one believed. The jury found him guilty on two charges of first-degree murder and recommended that he be put to death in the electric chair. The court agreed, and he was sentenced to die on June 25, 1959. The Trial of Fugate When Starkweather found out that Fugate said she was his hostage, he stopped protecting her and told the authorities of her activity which included slashing Carol Kings genitals and shooting C. Lauer Ward. He also said she was responsible for Merle Collisons murder and went as far as describing her as one of the most trigger happy people he had ever met. He testified against her in court, although it was pointed out by her defense that he had changed his story at least seven times in the past. Few believed Fugates defense of being a victim and she was found guilty of murdering Robert Jensen, Jr. and given a life sentence because of her age. In the years following her sentencing, she continued to insist that she was a victim. Her sentence was later commuted, and she was paroled in June 1976. Except for one interview, Fugate never spoke publically about her time spent with Starkweather. The Final Curtain Call On June 25, 1959, Starkweathers execution was on schedule. Earlier in the evening, he had ordered cold cuts for his final meal. He was asked if he wanted to donate his eyes, which he said no adding, Why should I? Nobody ever gave me anything. Just after midnight, ​the 20-year-old spree killer was escorted to the execution chamber with his head shaved and dressed in a prison denim shirt and jeans. When Starkweather was asked if he had any final words, he merely shook his head no. There was to be no last scene for the James Dean wannabe. No words to send journalist off scribbling in their notebooks. He, like other killers before him, was strapped into the electric chair, hit with 2200 volts of electricity and killed.

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